Implementasi pembelajaran berdiferensiasi dalam mendukung personalisasi pembelajaran: Studi literatur
Kata Kunci:
pembelajaran berdiferensiasi, personalisasi pembelajaran, pembelajaran adaptif, student-centered learning, peserta didik beragamAbstrak
Keberagaman karakteristik peserta didik menuntut adanya pendekatan pembelajaran yang mampu mengakomodasi perbedaan kesiapan belajar, minat, kemampuan, dan profil belajar peserta didik. Pembelajaran berdiferensiasi menjadi salah satu pendekatan yang mendukung personalisasi pembelajaran melalui pemberian pengalaman belajar yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan individu peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mensintesis berbagai temuan penelitian mengenai implementasi pembelajaran berdiferensiasi dalam mendukung personalisasi pembelajaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dengan menganalisis 31 artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan pada periode 2022–2025. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui proses penelusuran literatur, seleksi artikel, evaluasi, dan analisis isi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran berdiferensiasi berkontribusi positif terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar, motivasi belajar, keterlibatan peserta didik, kemandirian belajar, serta kualitas pengalaman belajar secara keseluruhan. Selain itu, pembelajaran berdiferensiasi memiliki keterkaitan yang erat dengan personalisasi pembelajaran, pembelajaran adaptif, dan pendekatan student-centered learning karena seluruh pendekatan tersebut berorientasi pada pemenuhan kebutuhan belajar peserta didik secara individual. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa kompetensi guru, perencanaan pembelajaran, lingkungan belajar, dan dukungan institusi merupakan faktor penting yang memengaruhi keberhasilan implementasi pembelajaran berdiferensiasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran berdiferensiasi dapat menjadi strategi yang efektif dalam mendukung pengembangan pembelajaran adaptif dan personalisasi pembelajaran pada pendidikan modern.
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